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The Koninklijke Marechaussee, the ''Royal Netherlands Marechaussee'', abbreviated to KMar (English is Royal Marshals, but commonly seen as Royal Military Constabulary), is one of the four Services of the armed forces of the Netherlands. It is a gendarmerie force performing military police and civil police duties. ==History== The ''Corps de Maréchaussée'' was created by King William I to replace the French Gendarmerie on October 26, 1814. The word ''gendarmerie'' had gained a negative connotation, so William called the new force ''"marechaussée"'' (he forgot the first acute accent in the document). Maréchaussée is an alternate French word for ''gendarmerie''. At that time, the Marechaussee was a part of the army (''landmacht''). The Marechaussee was tasked with maintaining public order, law enforcement, and safeguarding the main roads. Although not specifically mentioned, this included police duties for the army. As such, the Marechaussee was part of the national police (''rijkspolitie''). The Marechaussee was the only police force in many small municipalities, such as Venlo, especially in the southern provinces of Limburg and North Brabant (former Generality Lands). In 1908, Queen Wilhelmina assigned the Marechaussee the task of guarding the royal palaces, which had previously been done by gardeners. To this day, guarding a palace is called "''klompendienst'' (clog service). On July 5, 1940, the German occupation government merged the Marechaussee with the ''rijksveldwacht'' and the ''gemeenteveldwacht''. This meant that the Marechaussee lost its military status and the predicate Royal. These changes did not apply to the Marechaussee outside occupied Dutch territory. About 200 ''marechaussees'' guarded the Royal Family and the Dutch government-in-exile, and provided military police services to the Princess Irene Brigade, a brigade formed in the United Kingdom, consisting of Dutchmen. After World War II, the Marechaussee was split into a ''Korps Rijkspolitie'' (National Police Corps) (as a replacement of the ''rijksveldwacht'' and the ''gemeenteveldwacht'') and the ''Royal Marechaussee'', which regained its military status. The main tasks for the Marechaussee since then have been border protection, military police and guard duties. On July 3, 1956, Princess Beatrix became patroness of the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee. In 1994, the national and municipal police forces were merged into the present 25 regional police forces and the ''Korps landelijke politiediensten'' (National Police Services Agency). The National Police transferred its airport police and security tasks (primarily Schiphol) to the Marechaussee. In 1998, the Marechaussee became a separate Service within the armed forces. In 2014, a team of 40 Dutch Military Police went to eastern Ukraine to assist the investigation into the shooting down of Malaysian airliner MH17. They provided security for the international team and assistance in collecting evidence from the crash site.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dutch military police in Ukraine to investigate flight MH17 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Royal Marechaussee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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